The Logistics Challenge
Wednesday 6th September, 1100hrs–1230hrs
Beans, Bullets and Black Oil: The Development of U.S. Navy Underway Replenishment Mr Marvin Miller, Naval Surface Warfare Center, United States George Lyon, Naval Surface Warfare Center, USA The U.S. Navy’s Underway Replenishment (Unrep) system has been closely copied by most Navies. The U.S. Navy achieved its well-known system for two reasons. The first reason is because Admiral Arleigh Burke, when Chief of Naval Operations, recognized the need for a superior Underway Replenishment system and sponsored the AOE high speed, multi product Unrep ship concept. The second reason is because of the expertise of engineers at the Naval Surface Warfare Center who developed the Navy’s current system to transfer fuel, ordnance and stores; and are now upgrading that system to drastically reduce time to conduct Underway Replenishment. Several NATO Navies intend to be fully interoperable with the advanced U.S. Navy system called Heavy Unrep. The paper outlines the Underway Replenishment evolution over the past 60 years. Simulation Based Performance Assessment for a future Class of Patrol Ships Mr. Edwin van Veldhoven, TNO, Netherlands J.F.J. Vermeulen/K.J. de Kraker/B. Nienhuis, Royal Netherlands Navy, The Netherlands This technical paper will present the process and results of a Simulation Based Performance
Assessment (SBPA) study for a future class of Patrol Ships (PS). The study analysed the speed requirement of a PS for the Royal Netherlands Navy. Although speed is an important cost driver, such an analysis has never been reported. The simulation study addresses counter-drug operations and models all relevant aspects. These
include operational and tactical aspects, e.g. deployment of the organic high-speed Rigid Hull
Inflatable Boat (RHIB) and helicopter. Moreover, these aspects include sea keeping behaviour, i.e. the influence of sea state on the stability and speed of the PS and RHIB. The results of the case study are most promising. Analysis of the simulation runs clearly showed
the influence of the PS’s characteristics (speed and length) on the operational performance. The
results also show that simulation is extremely useful within SBPA. The simulation not only gives insight, but provides usable, quantitative answers. Innovative Techniques Developed within the Seawolf Mid-life Update (SWMLU) Programme Mr Stephen Hall, BAE Systems (Integrated Systems Technology), United Kingdom The Seawolf Mid-Life Update (SWMLU) programme is a major update to the UK Royal Navy’s principal Type 22 and Type 23 Frigate point defence weapon system. The update includes the addition of an Electro-Optic (EO) sensor as well as upgraded I and Ka band radars. As part of the SWMLU development programme, a hierarchy of innovative validated test environments have been developed to exercise the system functions at appropriate levels of abstraction. This hierarchy ranges from ‘hardware in the loop’ representations of minor subsystem functions to statistical representations of major subsystems. This paper will describe the SWMLU system in the context of the overall weapon system design. It further discusses the methodology used for model validation in both Radar and IR bands in order to provide a high fidelity integration and modelling suite, thus enabling a cost effective design and acceptance process to be realised. Coastal Water Protection in the African Context Mr. Peter Handley, Saab Grintek Communications, South Africa A significant requirement exists for rapidly deployable coastal protection systems for peace keeping, peace enforcement and policing / constabulary operations within African coastal waters. An air-transportable, containerised system including boats has been developed to meet this requirement. A basic C2 capability has been included as well as the ability to integrate with existing land based sensors. The protection system includes a land based component with surface radar, video surveillance, and base perimeter protection. The boat based component makes provision for a range of sensors as well as transportation of a boarding party. A key consideration in the system definition was the cost effectiveness of the system as compared with a more conventional naval surface deterrence capability. The system is flexible in that a number of systems can be integrated to provide a comprehensive Situation Awareness (SA) picture. In the event that similar Combat Net Interoperability Standard (CNIS) compliant systems are in the area, the SA pictures from these systems can be fused into a single SA picture for the expanded coverage area. Inputs from airborne sensor platforms can also be accommodated in the overall SA picture. Naval X-Band Radar against Asymmetric Threats Mr. Gunter Menacher, EADS Deutschland GmbH, Germany Some Navies have been running their operations not only in blue water, sensors for the detection of asymmetric threats will strongly support operation in brown water. Regarding even the whole life costs EADS can deliver capabilities over the complete life cycle time. A well balanced radar family concept is the basis for mission success using technology insertion, as well as incremental function updates. This paper will examine, from an EADS perspective, how a number of these challenges can be addressed. It will examine the EADS naval TRS radar family concept and how it is applicable for different litoral missions. USV for Surface and Underwater Missions (U-Ranger) Mr. Marcello Zannini, Calzoni s.r.l., Italy Daniele Bertin, Calzoni, Italy The purpose of the paper is to describe the new U-Ranger Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) developed by Calzoni. It is the successor of a Mine Countermeasure USV whose control system has been extensively tested at sea. The new vehicle is intended for Maritime Security missions and is characterized by a unique capability to operate in surface and underwater missions. It can be rapidly re-configured thanks to its hoisting manipulator for the sonar, therefore exploiting the high speed required for the target reacquisition and tracking. The system can perform teleoperation and track keeping functions to perform the fundamental operations in harbour and ship protection. The small version of U-Ranger was successfully tested in the Harbor Protection Trials HPT08 held in Eckenfoerde(D) in the context of an Integrated Protection System, with an innovative solution to get real time sensor image for underwater intruders detection. Next step in the USV autonomy is the near field obstacle avoidance, which is approached with an innovative solution based on the digital processing of the infrared images from the onboard camera to detect surface obstacles. Sonar 2087 - An Engineering Challenge in Platform Integration Mr Philip Gwynne, Thales Group (Naval Division), United Kingdom Low frequency active variable depth sonar (LFA-VDS) provides an unrivalled operational capability for ASW surface ships to counter a diverse post-cold war submarine threat in environments from traditional deep water to the littoral. Installation and operation of crucial components of LFA-VDS systems (projector and receiver arrays and their handling systems) present significant engineering challenges particularly in the case of adaptation of existing platforms. This is heightened by the clear trend of fitting LFA-VDS systems to smaller platforms. System design has evolved to provide required sonar performance whilst respecting platform structural and operational constraints. Sonar 2087 is the latest evolution of LFA-VDS to go into operational service, on RN T23 frigates. The development successfully tackled these challenges in a programme characterised by the open style of collaboration between MoD and industry. The result is a potent operational system which provides an excellent basis for future capability evolution. Operational Requirements to Technical Performances: Capabilities’ Analysis and Methodology Applied in the Naval Domain Mr Johan Gouret, DGA/Ministry of Defence, France In compliance with tight budgets, the cost effectiveness of the Global Defence System must be optimised. For this, coherence of means and actions is sought for prospective, operational and technical aspects. This paper will describe a method based on a decomposition of missions into operational tasks. Measures of efficiency related to each task, are combined with technical performances and computing models to build a network of performances and quantify the operational capability of systems. This method can be applied to a system like ship, or a system of systems as a naval force. The method is useful to:
- choose the best components constituting a naval force to achieve a specific operation,
- optimise the design of each system in order to reach the best integration in a naval force. To illustrate the method, the case of a carrier group will be detailed. Getting to Grips with Your Resources’ Capabilities Using the Match-IT Concept: The Challenge of Knowing and Finding Your Resources Mr Peter Sjöqvist, Generic Sweden AB, Sweden This challenge is very real for both civilian- and military organisation today, making the optimisation of human resources usage a prioritised business. Match-IT works with describing and finding the capabilities of resources such as units, teams and individuals in single or federated organisations. It’s all about finding the right resource for the right task and visualising it to the organisation. The Match-IT allows the resources themselves provide the background capability information and the organisations capability structures are built from these. The capability structures could then be statistically analysed to provide a resource- or capability overview, or searched in order to find a resource with a suitable capability for an entered task. If such a resource exists it is retrieved, if not, the capability could be modelled and populated right away. The Match-IT concept strives to raise the organisation knowledge of its capabilities and potent in utilising the resources behind those. Integrated Sensor & Communication System Mr Peter Stoffer, Thales Nederland, Netherlands Jos Visser/Willem Hol, Thales Group (Naval Division), Netherlands On many naval ships it is common practice to switch some systems off before activating others, in order to avoid interference problems. There is no easy and all-encompassing solution to this complex problem, but Thales Nederland has developed an Integrated Sensor & Communication System (ISCS) a mast that will accommodate, depending on the customer's specifications, all radars, IFFs, electro-optical sensors and several communication systems. The benefits of integrating all these systems in one deck structure are huge. First of all, they are designed to operate simultaneously, so that all risk of interference has already been eliminated. Maintenance and repairs are very easy since all sensors can be approached from inside the mast. A crewmember can enter the mast from the deck below and perform his work sheltered in the protective interior of the mast. And thanks to the absence of protective housings in the mast, all maintenance and repair activities are easier to perform. This reduces the crew's workload considerably. As the sensors and communication units in the ISCS structure are positioned close to each other, they do not need their own cooling and power supply systems. Instead, the ISCS has one central power and cooling capability for all units inside. ISCS is a modular concept. Although Thales has developed several types of surveillance and tracking sensors that are optimised for operating in the ISCS, the customer may require the installation of other sensors. In such an event, Thales will assume the role of system integrator and make its expertise available to the customer so that the original advantages of an integrated sensor mast are maintained. ORTSTARS: Redefining Tech Support and Remote Diagnostics / Monitoring Distance Support for the U.S. Navy's Aegis Ships Timothy Rosemeyer, Naval Surface Warfare Center Port Hueneme Division, United States James Marcoux, Air Dominance Department/ Joel Timm, Office of Engineering & Technology/ Hai Tonthat, Air Dominance Department, NAVSEA PHD, USA The Operational Readiness Test System Tech Assist Remote Support (ORTSTARS) remote diagnostics capability is a Next Generation distance support concept that represents a quantum leap forward for Aegis-class ships to proactively maintain battle operational status and effectiveness. Sailors responsible for the most sophisticated weaponry the world has ever seen are backed up by the expertise of a shore-based technical support system 24 hours a day.
ORTSTARS is a troubleshooting, and maintenance system for Aegis that seamlessly links ships and support communities using desktop communication tools over a secure medium to remotely test and analyze all of the Aegis weapon system elements. ORTSTARS fosters a team approach to detecting and diagnosing Aegis system problems by:
Allowing remote sites to collaboratively communicate in real time as if everyone were onboard the ship in the same room;
Allowing shore support organizations to view and diagnose problems on shipboard equipment during the support call without having to physically travel to the remote site. The innovative ORTSTARS concept achieves advanced distance support capability and efficiencies using today’s technology, and improved processes. Pioneered by Port Hueneme Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC PHD), the ORTSTARS proof of concept was developed as the Navy began to implement the Fleet Response Plan, a major restructuring of training, maintenance and operations schedules designed to elevate the surge capability of the service. Deploying the ORTSTARS concept today sustains the Navy’s Sea Power in the 21st Century strategic plan for building a surge-capable force, as well as commands the precepts for embedding distance support remote monitoring and remote diagnostics requirements in the Next Generation system of warships: Littoral Combat Ship, DD(X) and CG(X). Craft Integrated Electronics Suite (CIESTM) - Summary of an Operational Programme Mr Larry W. Wiley, Naval Surface Warfare Center (Carderock Division), United States E. Gordon Hatchell, Naval Sea Systems Command, Naval Surface Warfare Center (Carderock Division), United States Craft Integrated Electronics Suite (CIESTM) is the integration of traditionally separate craft systems into a central user interface that is designed to survive in a marine environment. These systems include navigation, communications, situational awareness, and craft control/monitoring. From this interface a user can view radar information, GPS data, communicate intra- and inter-craft, access video from sources on- and off-craft, and be aware of the health of the craft. The system was designed to meet industry and military standards. This allows CIESTM to be scalable and flexible, and it does not need to be redesigned if new sensors or craft systems are required to be integrated after the system is installed into a craft. This flexibility also applies to mission load outs and evaluating new technologies. CIESTM has the capability to share its Local Area Network (LAN), power, video distribution, communications, and GPS data with carry on equipment. This paper will present an overview of the program that will show the latest Operations and Capabilities of combatant craft; most specifically in the area of integration of all functions of a craft that affect own craft and other operational units. This paper will discuss the operational qualities of the product and the technical requirements to produce these results. It will also discuss successes such as test craft turned into operational assets. Logistics Ontology: A Text Analysis John Rigsby, NSWC, United States Dr. Jeffrey Solka, Naval Surface Warfare Center, USA; Dr. Ronald Kostoff, Office of Naval Research, USA This paper will present the application of text data mining (TDM) methodologies to obtain accelerated in-depth understanding of the state of the art in the field of transportation and distribution logistics. Logistics document collections were developed from Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) technical reports. The purpose of the analysis is to create and analyze a compilation of literature to understand the vocabulary, sub-topics, and domain knowledge encompassing the field of logistics. This work is funded by the United States Marine Corps.
MAST timetable
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